The Bacteria Collection of Environment and Health, CBAS, located in the Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Microorganisms (LGMM) of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, presents an acquis which aims to accommodate the diversity of culturable bacteria from different environmental niches in addition of bacteria with health impact. This is a collection of service and research with the purpose of supporting various projects and studies to determine the diversity and taxonomy of bacteria. CBAS is affiliated to the World Federation for Culture Collection, WFCC, under registration WDCM958 and was appointed as depositary of samples of genetic patrimony by CGEN/MMA (Council for the Management of Genetic Resources/ Brazilian Ministry of the Environment) on November 25, 2013.